Sewage Treatment Plants utilize the process of eliminating the contaminants from the household sewage and from wastewater which include both runoff and effluents from commercial, domestic and institutional. The biological, chemical and physical processes are included for eliminating the biological, chemical and physical contaminants. The main goal of these plants is to produce treated effluents or fluid waste stream which is environmentally safe and a treated sludge or solid waste which is suited for reuse or disposal as a farm fertilizer.
The place where the sewage is created, it can be treated close to it in a decentralised system including aerobic treatment systems, biofilters or septic tanks or can be accumulated and transported by a network of pump stations and pipes to a municipal treatment plant like in centralised systems. Generally sewage treatment involves three stages which include primary, tertiary and secondary treatment. Primary treatment consists of a quiescent basin where the sewage is hold temporarily so that the heavy solids settle at the bottom and the lighter solids, grease and oil float to the surface. The floating and settled substances are eliminated and the remaining liquid is subjected or discharged to secondary treatment.
The secondary treatment eliminates the suspended and dissolved biological matter. The water-borne, indigenous microorganisms typically perform the secondary treatment in a managed habitat. A separation process may be required by the secondary treatment for eliminating the microorganisms from the water that is treated before it is released to the tertiary system. Tertiary systems permit rejection into a fragile or highly sensitive ecosystem including the low flow rivers, estuaries, coral reefs etc. The treated water is disinfected physically or chemically like by microfiltration and lagoons before releasing it into the river, stream, lagoon, bay or wetland and it can be utilized for the irrigation of a green way, golf course or park. The treated water is sufficiently clean which can be utilized for agricultural purposes or for groundwater recharge.
To utilize intermittent flows, treat difficult waste and use less space, a variety of designs of hybrid treatment plants are fabricated. These plants often out of the main three stages blend two stages into one combined stage. Packaged Sewage treatment Plants are referred to as low charged or high charged. This actually denotes the way of processing of the biological load. In high charged systems, high organic load is presented in the biological stage and for few hours the organic material and combined floc is then oxygenated prior to being charged with a fresh load. Low organic load is present in the biological stage of low charged systems which blend with flocculates for longer periods.
All information about Sewage Treatment Plants is available online. Persons interested can browse the internet for further information.
The place where the sewage is created, it can be treated close to it in a decentralised system including aerobic treatment systems, biofilters or septic tanks or can be accumulated and transported by a network of pump stations and pipes to a municipal treatment plant like in centralised systems. Generally sewage treatment involves three stages which include primary, tertiary and secondary treatment. Primary treatment consists of a quiescent basin where the sewage is hold temporarily so that the heavy solids settle at the bottom and the lighter solids, grease and oil float to the surface. The floating and settled substances are eliminated and the remaining liquid is subjected or discharged to secondary treatment.
The secondary treatment eliminates the suspended and dissolved biological matter. The water-borne, indigenous microorganisms typically perform the secondary treatment in a managed habitat. A separation process may be required by the secondary treatment for eliminating the microorganisms from the water that is treated before it is released to the tertiary system. Tertiary systems permit rejection into a fragile or highly sensitive ecosystem including the low flow rivers, estuaries, coral reefs etc. The treated water is disinfected physically or chemically like by microfiltration and lagoons before releasing it into the river, stream, lagoon, bay or wetland and it can be utilized for the irrigation of a green way, golf course or park. The treated water is sufficiently clean which can be utilized for agricultural purposes or for groundwater recharge.
To utilize intermittent flows, treat difficult waste and use less space, a variety of designs of hybrid treatment plants are fabricated. These plants often out of the main three stages blend two stages into one combined stage. Packaged Sewage treatment Plants are referred to as low charged or high charged. This actually denotes the way of processing of the biological load. In high charged systems, high organic load is presented in the biological stage and for few hours the organic material and combined floc is then oxygenated prior to being charged with a fresh load. Low organic load is present in the biological stage of low charged systems which blend with flocculates for longer periods.
All information about Sewage Treatment Plants is available online. Persons interested can browse the internet for further information.
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